Effects of Insecurity on Community Well-Being: A Case Study of Peri-Urban Communities, Marietta and Marombo, Near St. Paul’s University in Kiambu, Kenya

Abstract

This study investigates the effects of insecurity on community well-being in the peri-urban areas of Marietta and Marombo near St. Paul’s University in Kiambu County, Kenya. It highlights a research gap in the study of peri-urban communities adjacent to universities, contrasting global contexts of insecurity, such as Syria’s civil war, with local urban crime in Kenya. The study pursues four key objectives: categorizing types of insecurity, evaluating well-being programs, assessing their impacts, and proposing solutions, framed by Social Disorganization Theory. The literature review examines forms of insecurity, petty crime, youth gangs, and gender-based violence, as well as well-being initiatives such as Nyumba Kumi, a Kenyan community policing program. It underscores their global, regional, and local relevance while identifying the lack of research on Kenya’s peri-urban settings. The methodology adopts a qualitative approach, utilizing semi-structured interviews with 12 participants, focus group discussions with 32 participants across four groups, and key informant interviews with 3 participants. Thematic analysis of data from residents, students, and community leaders reveals that socio-economic inequalities alleviate insecurity, leading to psychological distress, reduced social cohesion, and economic challenges. Nyumba Kumi’s effectiveness varies due to trust and resource limitations. Proposed solutions include community-based interventions, such as youth programs, and policy measures, such as enhanced street lighting. The study concludes that insecurity severely undermines community well-being and advocates integrated strategies: strengthening community policing, upgrading infrastructure, fostering economic growth, and enhancing social bonds. Recommendations include improving Nyumba Kumi, installing surveillance systems, and promoting vocational training. It suggests future research on long-term impacts, intervention effectiveness, university contributions, and gender perspectives. This dissertation offers actionable insights for policymakers and stakeholders to build safer, more resilient communities around St. Paul’s University, enriching Kenya’s urban security discourse.